Sealway
How it works · email

Email evidence: prove the content and the sending of an email.

Add the Sealway address in BCC of an email: Sealway receives the message as it is sent, with its attachments and the recipients shown, and builds dated, verifiable evidence of it. This email evidence establishes what was transmitted, and when; it does not establish that each recipient received or read it, and it does not replace registered mail.

A message in your “Sent” folder does not prove much.

You send a quote to a client on Tuesday at 9:15 am. Three weeks later, they say the amount they received was not that one.

The problem is no longer finding a file in your mailbox, but being able to produce the message and the attachment tied to that sending, in a way that does not rest on your word alone. A screenshot or a printout of an email takes minutes to make; so does a file exported from a mail client. In a dispute, what you produce yourself, after the fact, carries little weight.

Sealway email evidence rests on something else: a copy of the message received by Sealway as it leaves, through the ordinary email circuit, then timestamped by a qualified third party. What the message contained, with which attachments, to which recipients shown and when it was transmitted to Sealway no longer depends on a reconstruction.

We say “email evidence”, not “certified email” or “registered email”: those terms refer to other guarantees, in particular about receipt, which Sealway does not provide.

How it works, in four steps.

You keep using your mail client: Sealway does not replace it and does not install into it. It receives a copy of the message and computes its fingerprint, as it does for a file.

  1. 1

    Write the email as usual

    Gmail, Outlook, Apple Mail, a corporate mailbox or any other client: write the message and attach the files as you always do, from your usual mail client and address. Nothing changes for you or for your recipients.

  2. 2

    Add Sealway in BCC

    In the BCC field, add your Sealway address, or that of the collection the proof should be filed in. The To and Cc recipients receive the email as usual; they do not see the Sealway address.

  3. 3

    Sealway actually receives the message

    The copy reaches Sealway’s mail server through the ordinary email circuit. The message is kept as received, headers included, and each attachment is separated from it to receive its own fingerprint.

  4. 4

    The proof is created

    Sealway computes the SHA-512 fingerprint of the raw message and of each attachment, binds them to a qualified electronic timestamp and produces the evidence file: certificate, timestamp token, fingerprints, message and attachments. A message received twice yields a single proof.

Your mail client To and Cc recipients, Sealway in BCC Sealway’s mail server: message received Fingerprints: raw message + each attachment Qualified electronic timestamp Evidence file

For each email, the certificate states its source, “received by email”, the sender, the To and Cc recipients, the subject, the date declared in the message and the name of each attachment with its fingerprint.

On screen, it looks like this.

The same email as usual, one more address in the BCC field.

  • The recipients in To and Cc, as always: your mail client sends them the message, and they do not see the Sealway address.
  • Your Sealway address, or a collection’s, in BCC: Sealway receives its copy as the email is sent.
  • The subject, the message and the attachments are the ones you send; that content is what the proof fixes.
  • Nothing to install, nothing to change in your mail client: Gmail, Outlook, Apple Mail or any other.
Animation of a new-message window: two recipients are typed into the To field, the collection’s Sealway address into the Bcc field, then the subject, the message and an attachment; on sending, Sealway receives its copy and the proof is created.

Where to find your Sealway address

Two addresses exist, and both work in BCC.

Your Sealway address

Every account has one unique inbound address: that of your personal account, or that of your organization if you work in a business account. You find it in your account settings, under “Incoming email address”, and in the proof creation flow by choosing “Email”. An email received at this address becomes a proof in that account.

A collection’s address

Every collection has its own too, shown on its page under “Collection email address”. An email sent with that address in BCC is filed in the collection automatically: “Supplier ABC project” has its address, and the project’s exchanges file themselves.

One condition: your sending address

Sealway ties the proof to your account through the sending address: it must be the one you signed up with, as shown on your profile. A message sent from another address or an alias is not turned into a proof.

What the address looks like

A readable name followed by a short identifier, for example [email protected]. Copy it from the app rather than retyping it: the identifier is part of the address.

Why an imported .eml file does not prove that the message was sent.

A .eml file is the representation of an electronic message. It can be exported from a mail client, but also built or edited before being submitted to Sealway.

Importing a .eml file

.eml file Upload to Sealway Proof that this file existed on this date

Does not show that the email was actually transmitted beforehand.

Sealway in BCC when the email is sent

Your mail client Recipients + Sealway in BCC Sealway actually receives the message Proof of the message received

Shows that Sealway was one of the recipients of that sending and received its copy, with this content, these attachments and these To and Cc fields. What the other recipients received, Sealway does not observe.

If you imported a .eml as a plain file, Sealway could establish that this exact file existed at the time of the proof. It could not infer that the message left the mailbox, that it was transmitted at the time stated in the file, that the recipients shown received it, or that the file was not built before the import. Timestamping a .eml does not turn its declared content into a verified fact. That is why the web app refuses .eml and .msg files: email evidence is created by sending, not by uploading.

What BCC establishes about transmission, and what it does not about receipt.

This is the most important nuance on this page.

When you send an email with Sealway in BCC, your mail client delivers the message to each recipient separately: to the servers of the To and Cc recipients, and to Sealway’s server. Sealway sees only its own delivery. It does not see whether the other servers accepted the message, whether it reached an inbox, whether it was filed as spam, opened or read.

In BCC, Sealway is one of the recipients of the sending: the copy it receives carries the content, the attachments and the To and Cc fields of the message as your mail client sent it. Its receipt therefore establishes that the sending did take place, no later than the time of the timestamp, and what the message addressed to those recipients contained. In the normal operation of a mail system, the same copy is delivered to each of them; Sealway does not observe that and does not prove it. That is a much stronger element than a file imported after the fact, because it does not depend on you. But it is not evidence of delivery of the message to the other recipients: what happened on their side, Sealway does not see.

  • Established: Sealway was one of the recipients of the sending and received its copy of the message, with this content and these attachments.
  • Established: the To and Cc recipients as they appeared in that message.
  • Not established: that each of those recipients received it, that their server accepted it, that they read it.
  • Not established: that a notice which the law or a contract subjects to registered mail can be replaced by this email.

What Sealway proves, and does not prove, for an email.

Sealway makes it possible to establish

  • the exact content of the message received by Sealway;
  • the attachments received with that message, each with its fingerprint;
  • the existence of that content on the date of the proof, and its integrity since;
  • the fields and headers actually present in the message received;
  • the To and Cc recipients stated in that message;
  • that the message was actually transmitted to Sealway.

Sealway does not, on its own, establish

  • that each To or Cc recipient received the message;
  • that a recipient’s mail server accepted it;
  • that the message reached an inbox rather than a spam folder;
  • that it was opened, read or understood;
  • the legal identity of the person who consulted the recipient’s mailbox;
  • that the message is true, or that its attachments are;
  • that a notice subject to registered mail, paper or electronic, can be replaced by this email.

What an email proves in a dispute is for the court, which weighs the material freely. Email evidence gives it a content, attachments and a date that do not depend on the person producing them.

The attachment, kept with the message.

It is often what matters: a report, a deliverable, a list of batches, a quote. Sealway keeps it together with the message that carried it.

Each attachment has its own fingerprint

Sealway extracts each attachment from the message received and computes its SHA-512 fingerprint. The certificate lists the attachments by name, each with its fingerprint: final-report-v7.pdf has its own, distinct from that of the message.

The message and the attachment stay bound

The proof gathers the message, as received, and the files it carried. Producing the attachment alone, months later, makes it possible to verify that it is the one received with that message, on that date.

The example: “that is not the version I got”

You write “please find the final version of the report attached”, with final-report-v7.pdf. A few months later: “that is not the version I received”. The email evidence shows the message, the recipient as stated in it, the attachment actually transmitted to Sealway, its date and its integrity.

Is an email evidence in court?

Under French law, yes, an email can be produced in court. What it is worth depends on what it has to prove and on what comes with it.

Cour de cassation · social chamber · 25 September 2013

Cass. soc., 25 September 2013, no. 11-25.884

Appeal dismissed · published in the Bulletin · decision under appeal: cour d’appel de Bordeaux, 1 September 2011

A dismissed employee produces an email whose authenticity the employer disputes. The employer blames the court of appeal for not checking whether the email met the conditions of electronic writing (identification of the author, integrity, signature). The Cour de cassation dismisses the appeal.

The provisions relied on are not applicable to an email produced to prove a fact, the existence of which may be established by any means of evidence, which the trial judges assess in their sovereign discretion.

Cass. soc., 25 September 2013, no. 11-25.884. Our translation; former articles 1316-1 and 1316-4 became articles 1366 and 1367 of the Code civil.

What Sealway takes from it

An email produced to prove a fact is admissible and freely weighed by the court. Its strength depends on what makes it possible to establish its content, date and transmission: exactly what email evidence documents, without prejudging the court’s assessment.

Read the decision on Légifrance (in French) →

A copy of a message proves neither its sending nor its receipt.

A property-purchase withdrawal case shows what becomes of an email of which only a copy is produced.

Cour d’appel de Paris · pôle 4, chambre 1 · 15 June 2018

CA Paris, 15 June 2018, RG no. 16/21980

Upheld save for the amount of the penalty clause · decision under appeal: tribunal de grande instance de Paris, 16 September 2016

A buyer claims to have withdrawn from a property purchase within the statutory period by an email sent to the seller’s agent. The agent denies receiving it. The court recalls that the withdrawal may be exercised by any means offering guarantees equivalent to registered mail for establishing the date of receipt, then looks at what is produced.

Mrs Y..., who produces only a photocopy devoid of evidential weight as to the actual sending of a withdrawal email to the Quai Ouest agency, proves neither its sending nor its receipt.

CA Paris, pôle 4 ch. 1, 15 June 2018, RG no. 16/21980. Our translation.

What Sealway takes from it

A copy displayed from a “Sent” folder is not independent evidence that a message was transmitted. A copy received by Sealway as the email is sent, then timestamped, is such evidence for the transmission to Sealway and for the content. It still does not prove receipt by the agent: when receipt matters, the sending method has to guarantee it.

Read the decision on Légifrance (in French) →

Email evidence or registered electronic mail: two different services.

The eIDAS Regulation tells apart the qualified electronic timestamp, which Sealway uses, from qualified electronic registered delivery, which it does not provide.

Comparison of the two trust services under the eIDAS Regulation
Qualified electronic timestamp (Sealway) Qualified electronic registered delivery service
Provisions eIDAS Regulation, art. 41 and 42 eIDAS Regulation, art. 43 and 44
What is presumed The accuracy of the date and time indicated, and the integrity of the data to which they are bound The integrity of the data, its sending by the identified sender, its receipt by the identified addressee, and the accuracy of the date and time of sending and receipt
Identification of the addressee None: Sealway only knows the address written in the message Required before the data is delivered
What it establishes about receipt Nothing A presumption of receipt by the identified addressee
What it is for Documenting the content, the attachments, the recipients shown and the transmission of a message Serving notice when a law, a contract or the stakes require proof of receipt

Sealway is not a qualified electronic registered delivery service and must not be presented as one. When receipt has to be proven, or a rule requires registered mail, use the sending method that guarantees it; email evidence can complement it, not replace it.

Fingerprint, timestamp, evidence file: the same mechanism as for a file.

Once the message is received, email evidence follows the path of every Sealway proof: SHA-512 fingerprint of the raw message and of each attachment, Merkle tree, qualified electronic timestamp enjoying a presumption of accuracy of the date and time and of integrity of the data (eIDAS Regulation, art. 41(2)), anchoring on public blockchains, evidence file verifiable without Sealway.

Two dates appear in email evidence. The date declared in the message is the one your mail client wrote; it is part of the timestamped content but is not certified in itself. The date of the qualified timestamp is when the message, as received, was fixed: it establishes that it existed at the latest at that instant.

The mechanism in detail, in the guide to evidence from files

Frequently asked questions

What people ask about email evidence.

Can an email serve as evidence in court?
Yes. Under French law, an email produced to prove a fact is admissible and the court weighs it freely (Cass. soc., 25 September 2013, no. 11-25.884). To prove a legal act, electronic writing carries the same weight as paper if its author can be identified and its integrity guaranteed (Code civil, art. 1366). Other jurisdictions have their own rules, but most admit emails and weigh them. What counts is what makes it possible to establish the content, date and transmission of the message.
How do I prove that an email was sent?
By having a copy of the message received, as it is sent, by a third party that dates it: that is what Sealway does in BCC. The evidence establishes that this message, with these attachments and these recipients shown, was transmitted to Sealway no later than the time of the qualified timestamp. A screenshot or an export from the mail client does not show that.
Does Sealway prove that the recipient received or read my email?
No. Sealway receives its own copy and sees neither the delivery of the message to the other recipients’ servers, nor its arrival in an inbox, nor its opening or reading; no read receipt is requested or kept. The evidence establishes the transmission to Sealway and the content.
Why add Sealway in BCC rather than in Cc?
In BCC, the Sealway address stays invisible to the other recipients and the exchange is unchanged: your correspondents see nothing, do not reply to Sealway and have nothing to understand. The content and attachments received are the same; in plain Cc, the Sealway address would simply appear in the message’s Cc field and on the certificate.
Can I import a .eml file to prove a sending?
No: the web app refuses .eml and .msg files. Timestamped as a plain document, a .eml would only prove its existence on the date of the import; the sending, the transmission and the recipients would remain statements contained in the file, which the timestamp does not verify.
Are attachments included in the evidence?
Yes: each attachment is kept with its own SHA-512 fingerprint, listed on the certificate with its name.
How much does email evidence cost?
One credit (€1.99) per batch of 10 items, the message itself counting as one item: up to 9 attachments, one credit; 10 to 19 attachments, two credits; and so on, up to 49 attachments per email. Beyond 49 attachments, the message is not processed and the sender is notified.
Where do I find my Sealway address, and a collection’s?
The account address is in its settings, under “Incoming email address”; each collection shows its own on its page. Copy them from the app (they contain an identifier) and save them as contacts in your mail client, one per project or per client.
What if I get the recipient’s address wrong?
Sealway receives and keeps the message as you sent it, with the wrong address in the To field. The evidence documents what you actually sent; it does not turn an incorrect address into a correct delivery and in no case proves that the intended recipient received anything.
What if my account has run out of credits?
The message is kept for 7 days awaiting credits. If credits are added within that time, the proof is finalised and the qualified timestamp bears the date of that finalisation, not of the receipt; after that time without credits, the message is deleted and no proof is created. To keep the timestamp close to the moment of sending, keep credits available.
Does Sealway replace registered mail, paper or electronic?
No. A qualified electronic registered delivery service is a distinct trust service (eIDAS Regulation, art. 43 and 44), which identifies the sender and the addressee and presumes sending and receipt; Sealway uses the qualified electronic timestamp, which presumes date and integrity, not receipt. When a rule, a contract or the stakes require registered mail, an email with Sealway in BCC accompanies it; it is no substitute.

References

Texts, decisions and standards cited on this page; the French sources are in French.

  • French Code civil, art. 1363 to 1368 (proof by writing, general provisions) Légifrance →
  • French Code civil, art. 1366 (evidential weight of electronic writing) Légifrance →
  • French Code civil, art. 1358 to 1362 (admissibility of the modes of proof) Légifrance →
  • Cour de cassation, social chamber, 25 September 2013, no. 11-25.884 Légifrance →
  • Cour d’appel de Paris, pôle 4 chambre 1, 15 June 2018, RG no. 16/21980 Légifrance →
  • Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 of 23 July 2014 (eIDAS), art. 41 to 44, consolidated text EUR-Lex →
  • RFC 5322, Internet Message Format IETF →
  • RFC 3161, Time-Stamp Protocol IETF →

Sealway does not provide legal advice. The weight of an email in a dispute depends on what it has to prove, on the applicable law and on the court’s assessment; where a rule requires a form of sending, that form prevails. The French decisions cited illustrate French law.

Your next important email, with Sealway in BCC.

The message, its attachments and the recipients shown, received as it is sent and timestamped by a qualified third party. Join the waitlist to be notified at launch.

By signing up, you agree to be contacted by Sealway about the launch. No sharing with third parties.